Signors to the farbwerke



TATES NTTE ATENT Prion.

MAX BEOKE AND ALBERT BEIL, OF HGOHST-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY, AS-

SIGNORS TO THE FARBWERKE, VORMALS MEISTER, LUCIUS & BRUNING,

OF SAME PLACE.

PROCESS OF DYEING UNIONS.

SPECIFICATION forming art of Letters Patent No. 623,697, dated April 25,1899.

Application filed August 5, 1897.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, MAX BEOKE, chemist,

a citizen of the Empire of Austria-Hungary,

and ALBERT BEIL, chemist, a citizen of the Empire of Germany, residingat Hochst-onthe-Main, in the Empire of Germany, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Dyeing I'Ialf-WVool with Basic Azo Dyestuffs in anAcid-Bath, (for which Letters Patent were granted to us in France, No.264,579, dated March 2, 1897, and in England,No.5,1l9,dated February 25,1897,) of which the following is a specification.

The simultaneous working of wool and cotton is of great importance inthe manufacture of spun and woven goods of all kinds. Dyers accordinglyhave endeavored to find suitable methods for the equal dyeing of thosetwo fibersthatis to say, to improve the present system. These efforts,however, have not been thoroughly successful, thepresent methods beingvery deficient.

Two methods are now mostly employed in dyeing half-wool. The oneconsists in first dyeing the wool with acid dyestuffs in an acidbath;secondly, in mordanting the cotton in cold baths containing tannin;thirdly, in fixing the absorbed tannin by passing the material throughfixing-baths, (mostly antimonial or ferruginous,) and, finally, indyeing the cotton thus previously mordanted with basic dyestuffs in afourth bath to the desired shade. This method is cumbersome anduncertain on account of its many operations and the difficulty ofproducing in two dye fluids the shade desired on wool and cotton.

When the coal-tar industry put on the market the tetrazo dyestuffsderived from paradiamins, the second important method fordyeinghalf-wool was found and applied. The said diamine dyestuffspossess, as in known, the property of dyeing wool as well as cotton inneutral or weak alkaline baths.

By a proper choice of dyestuffs, an appropriate regulation of thetemperature when dyeing, and the addition of quantities'of more or lessalkaline salts itis possible to produce Serial No. 647,220. (Specimens)the most Varied shades on half-wool in a single bath. This method ispopular on account of its simplicity; but it has one greatdrawbacknamely, that the quality of the goods suffers enormously, as thefiber of the wool boiled in neutral or mostly alkaline baths loses itsmost valuable properties. This disadvantage is so great that in the caseof many articles, and after vain efforts with this singlebath method,half-wool dyers have returned to the old and more troublesome system.

We have succeeded in finding a method for dyeing half-wool combining theadvantages of the single-bath method with the complete preservation ofthe properties of the valuable wool material, thus proving to be anessential technical progress in the half-wool industry. We have foundthat such strongly-basic disazo dyestufis resulting from the linking .ofat least three aromatic residues and containing as a component anaromatic ammonium base or amidobenzylamin or their derivatives, as alsobasic safranin azo dyestuffs, are easily fixed on half-wool in anacid-bath, preferably in a sulfuric-acid bath, dyeing cotton and woolequally. The simple azo dyestuffs produced from an aromatic ammoniumbase or amidobenzylamin or their derivatives do not possess thisproperty,

t which is first obtained by the joining of a second residue combinedwith an azo group, yet the strongly-basic character of the dyestuif mustbe retained, as the presence of acid groups reduces the affinity of thefiber and sulfo groups, mostly neutralizing the same.

The following dyestuffs have been found suitable for the above purpose:first, the disazo dyestuffs having as first component an ammonium base(trialkyl meta and paraamidophenylammonium,para-methyl-orthoamidophenyl-trialkylammonium, trialkyl-orthoand para-amidobenzylammonium or dialkyl-orthoand para-amidobenzylamin) and ascomponent in middle position alpha-naphthylamin, para-Xylidin,symmetrical meta- Xylidin, meta toluidin, meta chloranilinortho-chloro-meta-toluidin, ortho-anisidin,'

ortho-amido-para-cresolmethylether, alphaamido-beta naphthOlether, andas component in final position dimethyl and diethyl-metaamido phenol,phenyleneand toluylene-diamin, chrysoidin, resorcinol, beta-naphtholphenyl and tolyl-beta-naththylamin amidonaphthols,pyrazolones, besides,second, those Secondary basic disazo dyestuffs which are obtained by theaction of one molecule each of two different diazo compounds (of whichone must he the diazo compound of an ammonium base or of a diallq'lbenzylamin, while the other, for instance, may beacetyl-para-phenylenediamin, metaand para-nitranilin,alphanaphthylamin,anilin,&c.) to one molecule of double combiningphenols, amido phenols, or diamin-such as resorcinol,dialkyl-metaamidophenol, ineta-phenylenediamin; third, these disazodyestuffs obtained by the action of the diazo compound of an amidoazobody upon 2.7 oxynapththalin trialkylammonium; fourth, the basicsafraninazo dyestuffs obtai ned by the action of diazosafranins ordiazoalkylsafranins upon phenols, amidophenols, naphthols,dioxynaphthalenes, amidonaphthols, amidonaphthol ethers, amins, ordiamins.

For the dyeing of half-wool the bath is filled with two per cent. ofsulfuric acid relatively to the weight of the goods, with thecarefullyprepared solution of the above-mentioned dyestuff in thequantitysuital'ile to the required shade, as well as with five to twentyper cent. of Glaubers salt. The previously cleaned and wetted materialis introduced into the bath at 40 to 50 centigrade, which is thenbrought to boiling while being correspondingly worked, the boiling tocontinue for one hour. The material is slightly washed,in case of darkcolors, with argillaceous or fullers earth and dressed in the usualmanner.

Instead of sulfuric acid sodium bisulfate may be employed. If the woolis intended to be much lighter than the cotton, then the sulfuric acidis partly or wholly substituted by oxalic acid.

The attraction for wool is increased by additions of neutral salts, suchas Glaubers and common salt.

Other acids, as hydrochloric or acetic acid, as well as acid salts,alum, or tartar, may be used, giving similar yet not quite so goodresults as sulfuric acid. The after-shading of wool and cotton may bedone in the boiling bath with the said basic azo dyestufis and suchother dyestuifs as do not give with the former any insolubleprecipitates.

This-method permits a short, easy, and sure working, as well as theexact point of the intended shades. The boiling in an acid-bathpreserves the natural feel, gloss, and solidity of the wool and improvesthereby the halfwool material to be dyed.

[ nium meta-toluidin betanaphthol.

grams halt-wool red M. T

J Dyesttiliif Ifrorri trimethyl-mctai ami op ieny ammonium ant 100 grams half-u ool yellow A m a nitrobeuzene Moresop 40 grams half-W001green B 1 franin and dimethylanilin.

400 grams sulfuric acid at 66 Baumc.

The previously dressed and wetted material is introduced at 50centigrade, brought to boil within one-half hour, and kept at thistemperature for a further one half hour. Then the steam is stopped andthe dyeing is continued till all the cotton, as is required with thesegoods, takes a darker hue than the wool. Thereupon the pieces are takenout, washed, slung, slightly dressed with gelatin, dried, and pressed.

II. Gray aponntne kilos, equaling one piece forty-fire meters, half-woolzanella. 'lhe bath is prepared with:

J 35331? ti'fillilltilllttlflfi 45 grams half-wool yellow A m moregop IDy gl tff from trimcthyl-mcta 27 grams half-wool red M. T. 313:

t 10 50 grams half-wool green B J, 9 grams halfqvool blue 1i Dyestufffrom diazo -safraninbcta-naphthol. 900 grams Glaubers salt 180 gramssulfuric acid l.

Dyestuff from trimethyl-n1ctaamidophenylammonium alpha naph t 11 y lamin a n d chrysoidin.

j Dyestuif from diazodicthyl-sa- 4 franin and dimcthylaniliu.

Dyestuff from trimethyl-metaamidophe 11 yl am mon i u mmetwtoluidin andbeta-naphthol.

{Dyestuf'f from trimethyl-meta 215 grams halfwool brown A.

67 grams half-wool green B 20 grams half-wool red M. T.

amidophenyl ammonium and meta nitrobenzcne azorcsorcinol.

Dyestuif from diazo safranin beta-uaphthol.

13 grams half-wool yellow A.

9 grams halflwool blue R...

900 grams Glaubers salt 180 grains sulfuric acid The previously-dressedmaterial is introduced at 50 centigrade, brought to centigradc 'withinone-half hour, and kept at this temperature till the cotton issuiiiciently dyed, completing this dyeing process by a further one-halfhours boil.

IV. Copper color upon fifty kilos V igognc yarn, (fifty per cent. wool,fifty per cent. cotfon.)-The bath is prepared with:

[Azo dyestugf fi'om 1trimethylmeta-aini op ieny ammoni- 1.2110 luloshalt-w 001 hi ounR. L um meta toluidim and oidin. 5 kilos Glaubers salt1 kilo sulfuric acid of 66 Baum.

The previously Well-Washed yarn is introduced at 50 cent-rigrade,broughtto boil Within one-half hour, and dyed for three-quarters of an hourwhile being Well Worked.

Having thus described our invention, We claim as new and desire toprotect by Letters Patent-

